Beyond the Walls: 21 Contemporary Interventions in Castles and Fortresses

Clifford's Tower / Hugh Broughton Architects. © Dirk LindnerCastles and fortresses often rise from strategic, commanding positions when standing alone or integrated into urban and rural landscapes. From above, they overlook the city, bearing in their imposing structures the weight of history. With their original functions now limited to contemplation, these spaces have been undergoing revaluation and reintegration into everyday urban life. Once symbols of military or political power, they a